Structure linux

I have not been posting a long time, because there are a lot of agendas that I have not been completed, this time I am going for the info, how does the structure of the operating system on linux, OK let us refer to the following article, Similar to unix, linux is also an operating system structured. Structure linux or linux directory structure is not just about the software but also the hardware concerns, stating the physical part of a computer system such as the system unit, consol, terminals, printers and communication lines.

Structure linux related software consists of:

1. Kernel

2.Shell

3.Utilitas

4.Aplikasi

The kernel is the main part (core) of the linux system, which directly control hardware devices and displays various forms of low-level functions. Several kernel functions performed are:

Service Date and Time System

File management and security

Service process input-ouput

Process scheduling and management system

Memory Management

Handling interruptions process

Linux has a user interface for the connection between the outside of the linux kernel is called the system call. System call instructs the kernel to perform certain activities as requested by the calling program.

Shell is a translator (interpreter) on linux system. Shell is what translates the commands given user, in other words shell is an interface between the user with a linux system. Some of the existing shell on linux system including the Bourne Again Shell (/ bin / bash), C shell (/ bin / csh), Korn shell (/ bin / ksh).

Utilities are provided by linux program to perform specific tasks. While the application is a program created by the user to memenuhi own needs.

Linux Directory Structure

File is the basic structure of a computer system that is responsible for maintaining data / information. Naming a file in unix is ​​generally limited to 14 characters in length. Except in Berkeley Unix and Linux that can reach 256 characters. In Unix / Linux, the files are internally marked with a unique number, known as the inode. Because remember numbers more difficult than remembering the letters unix / linux gives you the option of naming the file with the letter. Unix / Linux file split into 3 main categories:

1. Ordinary file

File is used to store data, program source, documents, graphics and other objects program. This file can be divided into:

The text file

Shell scripts

File executable (binary)

The data files (which have been coded)

2. Directory

Is a file that contains a list of names and inode numbers of each files

3. Special files

Is a file that normally expresses a physical device (hardware), but it could also be files associated with inter-process communication. In Unix / Linux hardware (disk, printer) otherwise glittering a file. Special file is divided into 3 parts:

Block device file (block device)

Character device files (block device)

File named pipes (Â named pipe)

The entire collection of files in a Unix / Linux file system called. File system Unix / Linux has the form of a composition hierarchy (tree) as the form of an inverted tree, where a peak named Root.Cabang-branch of the root is called the Directory, and so on. Symbols of the root is /. Root has a branch called the default directory, which means the directory names are known in all the Systema Unix / Linux. This is the understanding of the Linux directory structure. Here is part of the composition linux directory structure.

Linux Directory Structure

Here is its usefulness directories available on the Linux system:

/

Is a useful directory to contain all the files contained in the linux system.

/ Bin

Is the directory that contains the files that can be directly executed.

/ Boot

Is the directory that contains the files used when booting linux.

/ Dev

Is the directory containing the files of hardware owned by the computer (for example: / dev / had) is a file from the hard drive, / dev/fd0 is the file to a floppy, dev / cdrom for cdrom is the file on the computer.

/ Etc

Is the directory that contains the files used to configure linux. These files are usually in the form of files or script files of type text.

/ Home

Directory is used to store all user directories

/ Lib

Is the directory that contains the library files needed by programs on a linux system root directory.

/ Mnt

Is the directory that contains the directories that you can use to memounting peripheral devices owned by the pc.

Examples floppy and cdrom. For details you can see the fstab and mtab files in the directory / etc which is a configuration file used sebagai mounting peripheral devices to the computer.

/ Proc

Is the directory containing the files buffer used to inform the processes that are running on a linux system.

/ Root

Is the home directory for the root.

/ Sbin

Is the directory that contains the files that are run by Linux system.

/ Tmp

Is the directory that contains temporary files (files that caused by an interrupt-interrupt on a linux system).

/ Usr

Is the directory that contains the files that can be run or oriented to all users.

/ Var

Is the directory containing the data files that can be fickle when linux is in process.

Home Directory

Home directory is specified directory provided to users as a repository for the files belonging to the user itself. In the chart that has been described previously / home directory is the directory that contains the user directories that are home directory. The directory structure is the authority under the home directory of the user in question.

Current (.) & Parrent Directory (..)

Is the directory where the user is visiting us, while Parrent directory is the directory one level above the Current directory. Every time a new directory is created, will be created automatically and Parrent directory Current directory.

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